We recommend further research including, wherever possible, randomized trials to establish definitively:
- The effects of SGLT 2 inhibition on cardiac and kidney outcomes in people with polycystic kidney disease.
- Safety, cardiovascular, and kidney effects of SGLT 2 inhibition on kidney outcomes in people with a functioning kidney transplant (see section 7b).
- Pharmacokinetics, cardiovascular effects and residual kidney function preservation effects of SGLT 2 inhibition in people on dialysis.
- The safety and efficacy of adding MRA to SGLT 2 inhibition in people with CKD (particularly non-steroidal MRAs with proven cardiovascular and kidney-related benefits).
- The safety and efficacy of combining SGLT 2 inhibition with a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists in people with CKD.
- Detailed cost-effectiveness analyses of SGLT 2 inhibition in CKD considering effects across the full range of eGFR and uACR categories.